Cusco is more than the gateway to Machu Picchu. It’s a living museum, a cultural hub, and home to some of the most breathtaking natural wonders in the Andes. Whether you’re drawn to ancient history, colorful mountains, turquoise lakes, or vibrant city life, Cusco has something for every traveler.
In this travel guide, we’ll walk you through four of the most iconic experiences that every traveler should include in their itinerary.
Sacred Valley of the Incas: Culture and History in One
Just a short drive from Cusco lies the Sacred Valley of the Incas, a region that blends stunning landscapes with rich history.
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Visit Pisac and its famous market, where Andean textiles and handicrafts reflect centuries of tradition.
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Explore Ollantaytambo, a living Inca town with impressive terraces and stonework.
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Discover Moray, the circular terraces once used as agricultural laboratories.
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Experience the salt mines of Maras, an otherworldly landscape of thousands of salt pools still harvested by local families.
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Stroll through Urubamba, often called the “Heart of the Sacred Valley,” known for its fertile fields, Andean cuisine, and tranquil charm.
This valley isn’t just about ruins—it’s about experiencing culture, vibrant communities, and the essence of Inca heritage.
Tip: Spend the night in the Sacred Valley before heading to Machu Picchu to better acclimatize to the altitude.
Best time to visit: April to October, during the dry season.
The ruins of Ollantaytambo are one of the historical attractions of the Sacred Valley
The salt mines in Maras, where salt is still extracted nowadays.
Humantay Lake: The Turquoise Gem of the Andes
If you’re looking for an unforgettable trek, Humantay Lake is a must. At over 4,200 meters (13,800 ft), this glacial lake dazzles with its turquoise waters surrounded by snowcapped peaks.
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The hike usually takes 1.5–2 hours, depending on your pace.
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Perfect for travelers seeking a day trip filled with nature, photography, and adventure.
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Along the way, you’ll experience panoramic views of the Andes and the majesty of Salkantay Mountain.
Tip: Acclimatize in Cusco for at least 2 days before hiking to avoid altitude sickness.
Best time to visit: May to September for clear skies and vibrant lake colors.
The beautiful Humantay Lake, a hidden gem of the Peruvian Andes.
Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca): The Painted Wonder of Peru
One of Peru’s most Instagram-famous sites, Rainbow Mountain (Vinicunca) is a geological marvel painted with hues of red, gold, turquoise, and lavender.
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Located at 5,200 meters (17,060 ft), this trek is challenging but rewarding.
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Offers sweeping views of the Andean landscape, herds of alpacas, and nearby glaciers.
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Many tours combine Vinicunca with the Red Valley, an equally stunning but less crowded spot.
Tip: Bring layers and start early in the morning to avoid both crowds and unpredictable afternoon weather.
Best time to visit: May to September for clear skies and the most vibrant colors.
Rainbow Mountain: a masterpiece only nature could paint.
Cusco City Tour: From Inca Capital to Living Museum
Before heading out on treks, spend time exploring Cusco itself. Once the capital of the Inca Empire, today it’s a blend of ancient stone walls, colonial architecture, and modern Andean life.
Highlights of the Cusco City Tour include:
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Plaza de Armas, the city’s historic heart.
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Qorikancha (Temple of the Sun), once the most important temple in the Inca Empire.
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Sacsayhuamán, a fortress with massive stone walls and sweeping city views.
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Qenqo, a ceremonial site carved into rock.
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Pucapucara, a military and administrative outpost.
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Tambomachay, known as the Inca baths and a water worship site.
Tip: Visit museums and archaeological sites with the Cusco Tourist Ticket (Boleto Turístico) to save money and access multiple attractions.
Best time to visit: Year-round, but mornings are ideal for exploring without crowds.
Qorikancha, once the most important temple in the Inca Empire.
Final Thoughts
Cusco is a destination where every path leads to discovery. From the cultural depth of the Sacred Valley, the stunning beauty of Humantay Lake, the surreal landscapes of Rainbow Mountain, to the vibrant city of Cusco itself — these experiences together capture the essence of Peru.
Whether you’re a history buff, adventure seeker, or cultural traveler, Cusco offers something unforgettable at every turn.
By Emperatriz Ayala – Travel Advisor